Bilirubin is a waste product. When mature and old red blood cells break down, they release bilirubin as a waste product. Bilirubin from the blood is processed in the liver and removed from the body through the stools. 

But due to infection like hepatitis, or other liver conditions, the excessive level of bilirubin gets built up in the body, and it leads to jaundice. 

So let’s understand the causes of jaundice. 

Causes and Risk Factors of Jaundice 

• Infections such as Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, etc
• Haemorrhagic fever. In this type of fever, red blood cells are destroyed, resulting in a high level of bilirubin accumulation in the body. 
• Liver diseases like Alcoholic liver diseases, Non-alcoholic liver diseases, and Liver cirrhosis 
• Autoimmune diseases 
• Hemolytic anemias
• Drug and toxin- Certain medications used to treat chronic illnesses, like cancer therapy, may lead to jaundice. 
• Tumour 
• Other diseases like acute and chronic pancreatitis, etc

Symptoms of Jaundice

• Yellow discolouration of skin, eyes and nails.
• Nausea 
• Vomiting
• Lack of appetite
• Dark Yellow coloured urine
• Pale coloured stool
• Itching of the skin
• Abdominal pain

Diagnosis of Jaundice 

• A medical healthcare professional diagnoses jaundice through a detailed medical history and physical examination.
• Blood tests- Complete Blood Count
• Hepatitis antigen test
• Serum bilirubin leve,l etc
• Sonography
• X ray
• MRI Scan
• CT Scans 

Treatment of Jaundice 

• Oral Medication
• Intravenous medications
• Intravenous Fluid Hydration

Diet and Tips for Jaundice 

• Eat a balanced and soft diet
• Eat plenty of fruits
• Avoid consuming food and water from outside sources that may be contaminated.
• Adequate sleep.
• Drink adequate water.

Jaundice is a complex condition that requires immediate medical attention. Consult a doctor promptly to avoid further complications. Early detection of symptoms is crucial for recovery.