Let’s take a look at an overview of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 

Causes and Risk Factors of Lupus 

• Age – anyone can get Lupus, but people from 15 to 45 are a common age group who can develop Lupus
• Family history and genetic predisposition 
• Environmental factors like sunlight, air pollution
• Infections like Viral, Bacterial, etc
• Smoking and alcohol 
• Immune and inflammatory response 
• An abnormal immune response can cause lupus. Abnormal immune and inflammatory reactions are linked to mental stress, improper diet, and unhealthy lifestyles. Eating junk food more frequently and daily can be the reason behind the abnormal immune response.

Symptoms of Lupus 

• Lupus presents symptoms from mild to moderate to severe. It affects multiple systems in the body and accordingly produces symptoms.
• Arthritis: Painful joints, Swelling of joints, morning stiffness.
• Weakness and fatigue 
• Fevers 
• Rash on the face, the nose, and the cheek. This rash is called the QS butterfly-shaped rash.
• Scaly circular rashes are present all over the body.
• Photosensitivity: It causes a rash when exposed to the sun.
• Hair fall
• Swollen glands are present in multiple parts of the body.
• Pain when breathing deeply. 
• Headache and Dizziness
• Abdominal pain
• Lupus can affect various organs: the kidneys, heart, liver, spleen, and brain, leading to abnormalities in their function. Lupus can cause kidney failure and nephritis. 
• Lupus can affect the brain and nerves, and it can produce epilepsy or seizures.
• Heart issues like damage to heart tissue, valve damage
• It causes inflammation of blood vessels

Complications of Lupus 

• Systemic organ damage can affect the functions of different organs, including the liver, lungs, kidneys, and skin.
• Pregnancy issues, such as lupus, can cause problems like abortion or preeclampsia. 

Diagnosis of Lupus

• Diagnosis of Lupus is based on detailed medical history and physical examination.
• Urine tests 
• Blood Test, like Complete Blood Count
• Specific antibody tests like ANA, anti-dsDNA

Treatment of Lupus 

• Treatment of lupus includes
• Oral medication 
• Intravenous medications
• Imaging tests like MRI, CT scans
• Biopsy of the kidney or skin

Lupus is known as an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple systems in the body. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing them and preventing potential damage and complications. Consult a doctor immediately, even for your minor symptoms. Clear guidance from a doctor is a vital step in recovering from an illness.